Overview
Pneumonia is an infection of the lungs. Most cases are caused by infections from bacteria or viruses.
Pneumonia may be mild or very severe. If it is caused by bacteria, you will be treated with antibiotics. It may take a few weeks to a few months to recover fully from pneumonia, depending on how sick you were and whether your overall health is good.
What are the symptoms of pneumonia?
Symptoms of pneumonia may include a cough, a fever, or the chills. You may feel very tired or very weak. Or you may have chest pain that often feels worse when you cough or breathe in.
Pneumonia: When to call
Call 911 anytime you think you may need emergency care. For example, call if:
- You have severe trouble breathing.
Call your doctor now or seek immediate medical care if:
- You cough up dark brown or bloody mucus (sputum).
- You have new or worse trouble breathing.
- You are dizzy or lightheaded, or you feel like you may faint.
Watch closely for changes in your health, and be sure to contact your doctor if:
- You have a new or higher fever.
- You are coughing more deeply or more often.
- You are not getting better after 2 days (48 hours).
- You do not get better as expected.
How is pneumonia diagnosed?
Your doctor will ask you about your symptoms and do a physical exam. He or she may order a chest X-ray and blood tests. This is usually enough for your doctor to know if you have pneumonia. You may need more tests if your symptoms are bad or you have other health problems.
How is pneumonia treated?
Pneumonia that is caused by bacteria is treated with antibiotics. You may need to go to the hospital if your symptoms are bad or you have a weak immune system. If pneumonia is caused by a virus, antibiotics don't help.
